sábado, 17 de agosto de 2013

Chromosome 19 - Genetics Home Reference

Chromosome 19 - Genetics Home Reference

Genetics Home Reference: your guide to understanding genetic conditions
 
Chromosome 19

What is chromosome 19?

Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 19, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. Chromosome 19 spans about 59 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents almost 2 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 19 likely contains about 1,500 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. These proteins perform a variety of different roles in the body.
Genes on chromosome 19 are among the estimated 20,000 to 25,000 total genes in the human genome.

How are changes in chromosome 19 related to health conditions?

Many genetic conditions are related to changes in particular genes on chromosome 19. This list of disorders associated with genes on chromosome 19 provides links to additional information.

Is there a standard way to diagram chromosome 19?

Geneticists use diagrams called ideograms as a standard representation for chromosomes. Ideograms show a chromosome's relative size and its banding pattern. A banding pattern is the characteristic pattern of dark and light bands that appears when a chromosome is stained with a chemical solution and then viewed under a microscope. These bands are used to describe the location of genes on each chromosome.

Where can I find additional information about chromosome 19?

You may find the following resources about chromosome 19 helpful. These materials are written for the general public.
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.

Where can I find general information about chromosomes?

The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.
These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.

What glossary definitions help with understanding chromosome 19?

cell ;chromosome ;DNA
You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary.
See also Understanding Medical Terminology.
References (5 links)

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook.

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