lunes, 27 de octubre de 2014

Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak

Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak



Science
Vol. 345 no. 6202 pp. 1369-1372 
DOI: 10.1126/science.1259657
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Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak

  1. Pardis C. Sabeti1,2,§
+Author Affiliations
  1. 1Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
  2. 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
  3. 3Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone.
  4. 4Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  5. 5Eastern Polytechnic College, Kenema, Sierra Leone.
  6. 6Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
  7. 7Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
  8. 8Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
  9. 9Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  10. 10Redeemer’s University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  11. 11University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  12. 12Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
  13. 13Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
+Author Notes
  •  Deceased.
  1. Corresponding author. E-mail: andersen@broadinstitute.org (K.G.A.); augstgoba@yahoo.com (A.G.);psabeti@oeb.harvard.edu (P.C.S.)
  1. * These authors contributed equally to this work.
In its largest outbreak, Ebola virus disease is spreading through Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. We sequenced 99 Ebola virus genomes from 78 patients in Sierra Leone to ~2000× coverage. We observed a rapid accumulation of interhost and intrahost genetic variation, allowing us to characterize patterns of viral transmission over the initial weeks of the epidemic. This West African variant likely diverged from central African lineages around 2004, crossed from Guinea to Sierra Leone in May 2014, and has exhibited sustained human-to-human transmission subsequently, with no evidence of additional zoonotic sources. Because many of the mutations alter protein sequences and other biologically meaningful targets, they should be monitored for impact on diagnostics, vaccines, and therapies critical to outbreak response.

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